Tratamiento fisioterapéutico en enfermedad de dupuytren
Date
2017-11-07
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Abstract
La enfermedad o contractura de Dupuytren es un trastorno caracterizado por proliferación excesiva de tejido conectivo (colágena), que afecta la aponeurosis de la palma de la mano, y que se caracteriza por la formación de nódulos y de cuerdas fibrosas que fijan en posición de flexión algunas articulaciones metacarpofalángicas e interdigitales; que da lugar a deformidades en flexión y pérdida de función de los dedos con incapacidad.
Está caracterizada por la presencia de nódulos y contracturas en flexión progresiva y no reductible de las articulaciones metacarpo falángicas e interfalángica ya sea proximal y distal. El dedo meñique y anular son los dedos, la enfermedad tiende a ser progresiva una vez iniciada y poder transcurrir décadas para lograr a obtener la funcionalidad. La causa exacta es desconocida, pero existen varios factores de riesgo; como en individuos de trabajo laboral, personas en edad avanzada, diabetes Mellitus , es más común en hombres que mujeres, epilepsia, consumo de alcohol, tabaquismo.
El tratamiento selectivo de esta enfermedad según los niveles y grados son quirúrgicos antes de la intervención se realiza el tratamiento conservado lo cual no es eficaz, los pacientes son indicados para cirugía fasciotomía.
La Rehabilitación postoperatoria es un componente importante en el tratamiento de la Enfermedad de Dupuytren, abordaje fisioterapéutico , el papel del ejercicio para minimizar el déficit funcional, el tratamiento está dirigido a mejorar la función de la mano, prevenir y actuar sobre las complicaciones que puedan aparecer, colocación de férulas, realización de un programa de ejercicios adaptados a la necesidad del paciente, la rápida actuación sobre las complicaciones, junto con la educación del paciente pueden mejorar resultados de la cirugía, nuestros objetivos a mantener la extensión lograda, minimizar los efectos del edema y las cicatrices postoperatorio, recuperar la flexión y la fuerza de la mano
Dupuytren's disease or contracture is a disorder characterized by excessive proliferation of connective tissue (collagen), which affects the aponeurosis of the palm of the hand, characterized by the formation of nodules and fibrous cords that fix in flexion position Some metacarpophalangeal and interdigital joints; Which results in deformities in flexion and loss of function of the fingers with disability. It is characterized by the presence of nodules and contractures in progressive and non-reducible flexion of the phalangeal and interphalangeal metacarpal joints, either proximal and distal. The pinky and ring finger are the fingers, the disease tends to be progressive once initiated and may take decades to achieve the functionality. The exact cause is unknown, but there are several risk factors; As in work-related individuals, elderly people, diabetes mellitus, is more common in men than women, epilepsy, alcohol consumption, smoking. The selective treatment of this disease according to the levels and degrees are surgical before the intervention is performed preserved treatment which is not effective, patients are indicated for fasciotomy surgery. Postoperative rehabilitation is an important component in the treatment of Dupuytren's disease, physiotherapeutic approach, the role of exercise to minimize functional d eficit, treatment is aimed at improving the function of the hand, preventing and acting on complications that may appear , Placement of splints, performing an exercise program tailored to the patient's need, rapid performance on complications, along with patient education can improve surgical outcomes, our goals to keep extension accomplished, minimize the effects of Edema and postoperative scars, recover flexion and strength of the hand.
Dupuytren's disease or contracture is a disorder characterized by excessive proliferation of connective tissue (collagen), which affects the aponeurosis of the palm of the hand, characterized by the formation of nodules and fibrous cords that fix in flexion position Some metacarpophalangeal and interdigital joints; Which results in deformities in flexion and loss of function of the fingers with disability. It is characterized by the presence of nodules and contractures in progressive and non-reducible flexion of the phalangeal and interphalangeal metacarpal joints, either proximal and distal. The pinky and ring finger are the fingers, the disease tends to be progressive once initiated and may take decades to achieve the functionality. The exact cause is unknown, but there are several risk factors; As in work-related individuals, elderly people, diabetes mellitus, is more common in men than women, epilepsy, alcohol consumption, smoking. The selective treatment of this disease according to the levels and degrees are surgical before the intervention is performed preserved treatment which is not effective, patients are indicated for fasciotomy surgery. Postoperative rehabilitation is an important component in the treatment of Dupuytren's disease, physiotherapeutic approach, the role of exercise to minimize functional d eficit, treatment is aimed at improving the function of the hand, preventing and acting on complications that may appear , Placement of splints, performing an exercise program tailored to the patient's need, rapid performance on complications, along with patient education can improve surgical outcomes, our goals to keep extension accomplished, minimize the effects of Edema and postoperative scars, recover flexion and strength of the hand.
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Keywords
Enfermedad de dupuytren, Aponeurosis, Proliferación, Nódulos, Fasciotomía, Fisioterapia, Dupuytren disease, Aponeurosis, Proliferation, Nodules, Fasciotomy, Physiotherap