Diversidad, abundancia y conservación de aves en un agroecosistema del desierto de Ica, Perú
Date
2007-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas
Abstract
El presente trabajo investiga el impacto de la actividad agrícola en la costa peruana sobre la
biodiversidad de aves. El estudio comprende el monitoreo de aves de dos terrenos de cultivo
del valle de Ica, dedicados al cultivo de espárragos y uvas, desde enero-2004 hasta enero-2006.
Evaluamos ocho tipos de hábitats distribuidos en un total de 1288 ha. Durante todo el periodo de
estudio registramos 93 especies de aves. La abundancia, riqueza y diversidad fue mayor en los
veranos. La mayor abundancia ocurrió en los hábitats de esparragales, monte ribereño y cerco. La
mayor riqueza y diversidad ocurrieron en enero-2006 en el alfalfar con huarangos y cercos vivos.
Las especies más abundantes fueron las residentes Zenaida meloda (6,6 ind./ha), Pygochelidon
cyanoleuca (5,9) y la migratoria Hirundo rustica (5,9). Registramos 12 especies migratorias. Desde
el punto de vista conservacionista, el número de especies catalogadas en algún grado de amenaza,
a nivel nacional e internacional, es muy alto. Podemos destacar el vulnerable Xenospingus concolor,
el endémico nacional Colaptes atricollis y las especies de desierto Geositta peruviana, Sporophila
simplex y Burhinus superciliaris. Este estudio demuestra la importancia de agroecosistemas en
la conservación de la biodiversidad del Desierto Costero Peruano, particularmente si la empresa
realiza una política de respecto al medioambiente.
Present work investigates the impact of the agricultural activity in the Peruvian coast on the biodiversity of birds. The study includes the monitoring of birds in asparagus and grapes farms of Ica valley, from January-2004 to January-2006. We evaluated eight types of habitats distributed in a total of 1288 has. Throughout the period of study we registered 93 species of birds. The abundance, richness and diversity were greater in the summers. The greater abundance happened in the habitats of land of asparagus, river brushwood and live fences. The greater richness and diversity happened in January-2006 in alfalfa cultures with huarangos and live fences. The most abundant species were the residents, as Zenaida meloda (6,6 ind./it has), Pygochelidon cyanoleuca (5,9) and the migratory Hirundo rustica (5,9). We registered 12 migratory species. From the conservationist point of view, the number of species catalogued in some degree of threat, at national and international level, is very high. We can emphasize the vulnerable Xenospingus concolor, the Peruvian endemic Colaptes atricollis and the species of desert Geositta peruviana, Sporophila simplex and Burhinus superciliaris. This study demonstrates the importance of agroecosystems in the conservation of the Peruvian Coastal Desert biodiversity, in particular if the enterprise carries out a policy of respect to environment.
Present work investigates the impact of the agricultural activity in the Peruvian coast on the biodiversity of birds. The study includes the monitoring of birds in asparagus and grapes farms of Ica valley, from January-2004 to January-2006. We evaluated eight types of habitats distributed in a total of 1288 has. Throughout the period of study we registered 93 species of birds. The abundance, richness and diversity were greater in the summers. The greater abundance happened in the habitats of land of asparagus, river brushwood and live fences. The greater richness and diversity happened in January-2006 in alfalfa cultures with huarangos and live fences. The most abundant species were the residents, as Zenaida meloda (6,6 ind./it has), Pygochelidon cyanoleuca (5,9) and the migratory Hirundo rustica (5,9). We registered 12 migratory species. From the conservationist point of view, the number of species catalogued in some degree of threat, at national and international level, is very high. We can emphasize the vulnerable Xenospingus concolor, the Peruvian endemic Colaptes atricollis and the species of desert Geositta peruviana, Sporophila simplex and Burhinus superciliaris. This study demonstrates the importance of agroecosystems in the conservation of the Peruvian Coastal Desert biodiversity, in particular if the enterprise carries out a policy of respect to environment.
Description
Keywords
Agroecosistemas, Aves, Desierto Costero Peruano, Conservación, Ica, Perú, Agroecosystems, Peruvian Coastal Desert, Birds