Tratamiento fisioterapéutico en el dolor lumbar crónico
Date
2018-03-20
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Abstract
La evaluación de un paciente con dolor crónico, que a menudo ha pasado por diversas consultas médicas y ha seguido múltiples tratamientos ineficaces, siempre es un reto. La visita a un especialista en dolor puede representar una luz de esperanza que facilite su recuperación, si se consigue ganar la confianza del paciente con una actitud proactiva, interés y dedicación. Se comienza en la primera visita realizando una historia clínica completa que abarque tanto los aspectos físicos como los psicológicos. Aquí explicare los principios generales de evaluación inicial del paciente con dolor crónico, incluyendo los antecedentes, la anamnesis del dolor y la exploración física. Se mencionan las escalas de valoración del dolor validado más importante. El objetivo es diagnosticar la causa del dolor descartando patología grave, identificar las posibles ganancias secundarias y elaborar en consecuencia, un plan de tratamiento sin descuidar la esfera psicológica.
Medical evaluation of a chronic pain patient, who has very often seeked medical attention and has experience with useless treatments, represents a challenge for the physician. The visit to a pain specialist may be a glimmer of hope that ease his recuperation, provided the confidence is gained through a proactive, involved and dedicated attitude. It commences in the first visit by performing a comprehensive clinical history that encompass physical and psychological issues. Here general principles of the medical assessment of patients with chronic pain are discussed, including his past medical history, pain history and physical examination. The most important validated Pain scales and tools are also mentioned. The objective is to diagnose the source of pain while discarding severe pathology, to identify possible secondary gains and, therefore, to develop a treatment plan without missing the psychological sphere.
Medical evaluation of a chronic pain patient, who has very often seeked medical attention and has experience with useless treatments, represents a challenge for the physician. The visit to a pain specialist may be a glimmer of hope that ease his recuperation, provided the confidence is gained through a proactive, involved and dedicated attitude. It commences in the first visit by performing a comprehensive clinical history that encompass physical and psychological issues. Here general principles of the medical assessment of patients with chronic pain are discussed, including his past medical history, pain history and physical examination. The most important validated Pain scales and tools are also mentioned. The objective is to diagnose the source of pain while discarding severe pathology, to identify possible secondary gains and, therefore, to develop a treatment plan without missing the psychological sphere.
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Keywords
Dolor crónico, Historia clínica, Evaluación clínica, Dolor lumbar, Tratamiento terapéutico, Chronic pain, Clinical history, Clinical evaluation, Pain assessment, Low back pain, Therapeutic treatment