Cuidados de enfermería en recién nacido prematuro del Hospital Regional II-2 Tumbes 2018
Date
2019-05-30
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Abstract
El presente trabajo académico tiene como objetivo comprender y aplicar la metodología del proceso de atención de enfermería – PAE orientado a los cuidados de enfermería del Recién Nacido Pre término – RNPT Hospitalizado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) del Hospital Regional JAMO II-2, de la ciudad de Tumbes. La Organización Mundial de la Salud, define como recién nacido prematuro a todo aquel que nace antes de las 37 semanas de gestación.
El avance de los cuidados intensivos neonatales ha permitido que sobrevivan los bebes prematuros lo que significa un reto, para el equipo de salud de seguir disminuyendo la mortalidad y mejorar las condiciones del recién nacido prematuro por pertenecer al grupo con mayor riesgo de morir o de quedar con secuelas graves.
Por otro lado, las complicaciones relacionadas a la prematuridad, causa defunción en los niños menores de cinco años. En el 2015 aproximadamente un millón de muertes y tres cuartas partes de estas muertes podrían prevenirse con cuidados sencillos como aportar al recién nacido calor suficiente. Por ello, es necesario que los enfermeros a cargo de estos niños poseen el conocimiento las habilidades para realizar sus intervenciones. El proceso de atención de enfermería es una herramienta de la enfermera, que considera los 5 pasos: la valoración de RN pre termino, los diagnósticos de enfermería reales, así como de riesgo, objetivos, intervenciones y la evaluación; o resultado esperado. Se proporcionó un cuidado especializado basado en la mejor evidencia. Finalmente, se concluyó que el acompañamiento del personal de enfermería es de vital importancia para la detección de situaciones que pueden afectar el desarrollo del menor y su relación familiar.
The objetive of this academic work is to understand and apply the methodology of the nursing care process - PAE oriented to the nursing care of the Preterm Bith- NPT Hospitalized in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Regional Hospital JAMO II- 2, from the city of Tumbes. The World Health Organization defines Preterm as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed.The advance of neonatal intensive care has permited that preterm babies to survive, which means a challenge for the health team to continue to reduce mortality and improve their conditions Since they belong to the group with the highest risk of dying or has serious consequences. On the other hand, Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age. In 2015, approximately one million of newborn died and three-quarters of these deaths could be prevented with a simple care such as providing the newborn enough heat. Therefore, it is necessary that the nurses in charge of these children have the knowledge and skills to carry out these interventions. The process of nursing care is a tool of the nurse, which considers the five steps: the assessment of premature babies, the actual nursing diagnoses, such as risk, objectives, interventions and evaluation; or expected result. Specialized care was provided based on the best evidence. Finally, it was concluded that nursing care is of vital importance in order to detect situations that may affect the child's development and family relationship.
The objetive of this academic work is to understand and apply the methodology of the nursing care process - PAE oriented to the nursing care of the Preterm Bith- NPT Hospitalized in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Regional Hospital JAMO II- 2, from the city of Tumbes. The World Health Organization defines Preterm as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed.The advance of neonatal intensive care has permited that preterm babies to survive, which means a challenge for the health team to continue to reduce mortality and improve their conditions Since they belong to the group with the highest risk of dying or has serious consequences. On the other hand, Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age. In 2015, approximately one million of newborn died and three-quarters of these deaths could be prevented with a simple care such as providing the newborn enough heat. Therefore, it is necessary that the nurses in charge of these children have the knowledge and skills to carry out these interventions. The process of nursing care is a tool of the nurse, which considers the five steps: the assessment of premature babies, the actual nursing diagnoses, such as risk, objectives, interventions and evaluation; or expected result. Specialized care was provided based on the best evidence. Finally, it was concluded that nursing care is of vital importance in order to detect situations that may affect the child's development and family relationship.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados de enfermería, Recién Nacido, Prematuro, Nursing care, Newborn, Premature