Economía en crisis. La respuesta institucional: Corporaciones de atención a la mujer de la monarquía hispánica entre los Siglos XVI Y XVII
Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas. Universidad de Nariño
Abstract
Este artículo tiene como propósito estudiar mujeres pobres que rayaron el límite
de la indigencia, que no tenían un hogar y sin futuro preciso ni claro en el Antiguo
Régimen de la Monarquía hispánica. Este colectivo femenino estaba expuesto a la
pobreza ante las crisis de subsistencias que les daba de lleno. Así, las mujeres que
no estuviesen protegidas por la familia, el matrimonio, un convento o un trabajo
precario estaban en situación de indigencia, marginación y desamparo, pudiendo
caer en la mendicidad o la prostitución, o un tipo de vida inestable, moviéndose
casi siempre alrededor de la miseria. La mayor parte de personas necesitadas que solicitaban auxilio eran estas mujeres en forma de limosnas, alimentos y vestidos
o mediante la petición de ingreso en centros asilares a los que pudieran acogerse.
La metodología ha sido investigar en algunos archivos peruanos y sevillanos y
a través de la hermenéutica y heurística obtener resultados que me permitiesen
conocer esta realidad tan generalizada en la monarquía hispánica colonial y
metropolitana. Conclusión: A pesar de la inestabilidad económica que caracterizó
al Antiguo Régimen español, las voluntades testamentarias no cesaban de fundar
patronazgos, delegados a instituciones para ayudar, sobre todo, a mujeres
pobres, recibiendo dotes para constituir matrimonios, limosnas para aliviar su
pobreza, ayudas para cobijarlas en colegios, hospitales, conventos, con el fin de
resguardarlas de la pobreza moral. Sin embargo, las obras pías que sostenían
estas instituciones, a través de las rentas anuales de las voluntades testamentarias
pudieron desaparecer o caer en bancarrota ante cualquier oscilación económica,
pero algunos pervivieron por siglos.
The purpose of this article is to study poor women who marked the limit of indigence, who had no home and no clear or precise future in the Old Regime of the Spanish Monarchy. This female collective was exposed to poverty in the face of subsistence crises that hit them. Thus, women who were not protected by family, marriage, a convent or a precarious job were in a situation of indigence, marginalization and helplessness, being able to fall into begging or prostitution, or an unstable type of life, moving almost always around misery. The majority of people in need who requested help were these women in the form of alms, food and clothing or by requesting admission to asylum centers to which they could apply. The methodology has been to investigate in some Peruvian and Sevillian archives and through hermeneutics and heuristics obtain results that allow me to know this reality so widespread in the colonial Hispanic and metropolitan monarchy. Main conclusions: Despite the economic instability that characterized the Old Spanish Regime, testamentary wills never ceased to found patronage, delegates to institutions to help, above all, poor women, receiving dowries to set up marriages, alms to alleviate their poverty, aid to shelter them in schools, hospitals, convents, in order to protect them from moral poverty. However, the pious works that sustained these institutions, through the annual rents of the testamentary wills could disappear or fall into bankruptcy before any economic oscillation, but some survived for centuries.
The purpose of this article is to study poor women who marked the limit of indigence, who had no home and no clear or precise future in the Old Regime of the Spanish Monarchy. This female collective was exposed to poverty in the face of subsistence crises that hit them. Thus, women who were not protected by family, marriage, a convent or a precarious job were in a situation of indigence, marginalization and helplessness, being able to fall into begging or prostitution, or an unstable type of life, moving almost always around misery. The majority of people in need who requested help were these women in the form of alms, food and clothing or by requesting admission to asylum centers to which they could apply. The methodology has been to investigate in some Peruvian and Sevillian archives and through hermeneutics and heuristics obtain results that allow me to know this reality so widespread in the colonial Hispanic and metropolitan monarchy. Main conclusions: Despite the economic instability that characterized the Old Spanish Regime, testamentary wills never ceased to found patronage, delegates to institutions to help, above all, poor women, receiving dowries to set up marriages, alms to alleviate their poverty, aid to shelter them in schools, hospitals, convents, in order to protect them from moral poverty. However, the pious works that sustained these institutions, through the annual rents of the testamentary wills could disappear or fall into bankruptcy before any economic oscillation, but some survived for centuries.
Description
Keywords
Miseria, Mujer, Perú, Sevilla, Misery, Woman