Tratamiento fisioterapéutico en lesiones ligamentarias del tobillo y pie
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Date
2017-11-27
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Abstract
Las lesiones traumáticas de los ligamentos del pie y tobillo son las más frecuentes, existen algunos factores predisponentes (ambientales, anatómicos o biomecánicos), pero se produce por igual en hombres y en mujeres, y son propios del adulto joven, aunque en los deportistas son mucho más frecuentes, también lo son en la población general. La mayoría de lesiones ligamentarias del tobillo y pie son lesiones agudas, las cuales, algunas de ellas pueden percibir hematomas, hinchazón, equimosis, etc. Los ligamentos lesionados, con mayor frecuencia son los peroneoastragalinos anterior y posterior, peroneocalcáneo; son los más afectados en este tipo de lesión y se ven dañados tanto el ligamento como la cápsula. Los objetivos planteados en un tratamiento fisioterapéutico son: reparación del tejido ligamentoso, disminución del dolor y edema, aumento de la movilidad, mejorar rangos articulares, fuerza muscular, propiocepción y lograr una óptima funcionalidad durante sus actividades diarias; para ello se empleará agentes físicos, técnicas manuales y ejercicios terapéuticos.
Traumatic injuries to the foot and ankle ligaments are the most frequent, there are some predisposing factors (environmental, anatomical or biomechanical), but it occurs equally in men and in women, and they are characteristic of the young adult, although athletes are much more frequent, are also common in the general population. The majority of ligament injuries of the ankle and foot are acute injuries, which, some of them may perceive bruising, swelling, ecchymosis, etc. The injured ligaments, most frequently are the peroneal and anterior peroneal bone; are the most affected in this type of injury and both the ligament and the capsule are damaged. The objectives of a physiotherapeutic treatment are: repair of the ligamentous tissue, reduction of pain and edema, increase in mobility, improve joint ranges, muscle strength, proprioception and achieve optimal functionality during daily activities; physical agents, manual techniques and therapeutic exercises will be used
Traumatic injuries to the foot and ankle ligaments are the most frequent, there are some predisposing factors (environmental, anatomical or biomechanical), but it occurs equally in men and in women, and they are characteristic of the young adult, although athletes are much more frequent, are also common in the general population. The majority of ligament injuries of the ankle and foot are acute injuries, which, some of them may perceive bruising, swelling, ecchymosis, etc. The injured ligaments, most frequently are the peroneal and anterior peroneal bone; are the most affected in this type of injury and both the ligament and the capsule are damaged. The objectives of a physiotherapeutic treatment are: repair of the ligamentous tissue, reduction of pain and edema, increase in mobility, improve joint ranges, muscle strength, proprioception and achieve optimal functionality during daily activities; physical agents, manual techniques and therapeutic exercises will be used
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Keywords
Anatomía de tobillo y pie, Músculos, Biomecánica, Ligamentos de tobillo y pie, Articulaciones de chopart y lisfranc, Ankle and foot anatomy, Muscles, Biomechanics, Ankle and foot ligaments