Coronas libres de metal
Date
2017-09-25
Authors
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Publisher
Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Abstract
Teóricamente, la corona es una funda maciza de material que repone la estructura dentaria que es tallada o preparada anteriormente. La corona es la reconstrucción de la pérdida del tejido dentario y es usado para rehabilitar la pieza dentaria, ya sea funcional y fonéticamente. El principio del tallado para la restauración es preservación, retención, resistencia, integridad marginal y preservación del periodonto; siguiendo el procedimiento clínico, usando el instrumental adecuado en las cuales tenemos: fresa diamantada esférica, fresa diamantada cilíndrica con punta redonda, fresa diamantada, fresa cilíndrica con punta plana, fresa con bordes redondeados, fresa diamantada cónica con extremos afilados, fresa multilaminada con base plana y fresa con ángulo redondeado.
Entre los materiales restauradores que utilizamos en la preparación de las coronas dentales encontramos los metálicos que son utilizados para restauraciones rígidas, estas son aleaciones que deben reunir una serie de condiciones químicas, físicas, como también mecánicas propias del material; y estéticas que están divididas en cerámicos y cerómeros; cabe recalcar que las coronas libres de metal vienen logrando mejores resultados estéticos a comparación con las coronas de metal, además de resolver otros problemas como galvanismo y toxicidad.
En la preparación del material libre de metal encontramos tres sistemas: el sistema IN CERAM, caracterizado por su resistencia a las fracturas ya que sus componentes pueden ser alúmina, spinell y zirconia; el sistema EMPRESS, se desarrollan la técnica estratificada y la técnica maquillada en ambas usamos la teoría de la cera perdida; también encontramos el sistema CAD CAM que es proceso de formación de la corona realizada por medio del escaneado, diseño, fresado, sinterizado y cerámica de recubrimiento.
Para la cementación se utiliza un agente cementante que unen las dos estructuras, una protésica y la estructura dental preparada para recibir la rehabilitación definitiva. Podemos indicar que en las coronas libres de metal se utilizan con diferentes protocolos según la composición, ya que pueden ser ácido sensible o ácido resistente, este procedimiento nos va garantizar el éxito de nuestro tratamiento; cada material de corona necesita un cemento diferente como puede ser: cemento dual, cemento resinoso, fosfato de zinc e ionómero de vidrio.
Theoretically, the crown is a solid sheath of material that replaces the dental structure and which is carved or previously prepared. The crown is the reconstruction in case of loss of the dental tissue and is used to rehabilitate the tooth, either functionally and phonetically. The principle of carving for restoration is preservation, retention, resistance, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium; following the clinical procedure, using the appropriate instruments in which we have: spherical diamond drill, cylindrical diamond drill with round tip, diamond drill, cylindrical mill with flat tip, milling cutter with rounded edges, tapered diamond drill with sharp ends, multilaminated drill with flat base and rounded angle. Among the restorative materials used in the preparation of dental crowns we find the metallic ones that are used for rigid restorations, these are alloys that must meet some chemical, physical, as well as mechanical conditions particularly to the material; and aesthetics that are divided into ceramics and ceromers; it should be emphasized that free metal crowns have achieved better aesthetic results compared to metal crowns, in addition to solving other problems such as galvanism and toxicity. In preparation of metal-free material we find three systems: the IN-CERAM system, characterized by its resistance to fracture since its components can be alumina, spinell and zirconia; the EMPRESS system, we develop the stratified technique and the technique made up in both we use the lost wax theory; we also find the CAD CAM system which is the process of forming the crown realized by scanning, design, milling, sintering, and coating ceramics. For cementation, a cementing agent is used which unites the two structures, a prosthetic and the dental structure prepared to receive the definitive rehabilitation. We can indicate that metal free crowns, are used with different protocols according to the composition, since they can be sensitive acid or resistant acid, this procedure will guarantee the success of the treatment; each crown material needs a different cement such as: dual cement, resin cement, zinc phosphate and glass ionomer
Theoretically, the crown is a solid sheath of material that replaces the dental structure and which is carved or previously prepared. The crown is the reconstruction in case of loss of the dental tissue and is used to rehabilitate the tooth, either functionally and phonetically. The principle of carving for restoration is preservation, retention, resistance, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium; following the clinical procedure, using the appropriate instruments in which we have: spherical diamond drill, cylindrical diamond drill with round tip, diamond drill, cylindrical mill with flat tip, milling cutter with rounded edges, tapered diamond drill with sharp ends, multilaminated drill with flat base and rounded angle. Among the restorative materials used in the preparation of dental crowns we find the metallic ones that are used for rigid restorations, these are alloys that must meet some chemical, physical, as well as mechanical conditions particularly to the material; and aesthetics that are divided into ceramics and ceromers; it should be emphasized that free metal crowns have achieved better aesthetic results compared to metal crowns, in addition to solving other problems such as galvanism and toxicity. In preparation of metal-free material we find three systems: the IN-CERAM system, characterized by its resistance to fracture since its components can be alumina, spinell and zirconia; the EMPRESS system, we develop the stratified technique and the technique made up in both we use the lost wax theory; we also find the CAD CAM system which is the process of forming the crown realized by scanning, design, milling, sintering, and coating ceramics. For cementation, a cementing agent is used which unites the two structures, a prosthetic and the dental structure prepared to receive the definitive rehabilitation. We can indicate that metal free crowns, are used with different protocols according to the composition, since they can be sensitive acid or resistant acid, this procedure will guarantee the success of the treatment; each crown material needs a different cement such as: dual cement, resin cement, zinc phosphate and glass ionomer
Description
Keywords
Coronas, Materiales restauradores, Zirconio, Cerómeros, Cementación, Crowns, Restorative materials, Zirconium, Ceromers, Cementation