Enfermedad periodontal asociada a enfermedad cardiovascular
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Date
2017-09-05
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Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Abstract
La enfermedad periodontal está considerada como crónica, se caracteriza por tener un avance progresivo a medida que pasa del tiempo, en la actualidad abarca se sabe que puede aparecer desde la juventud, teniendo mayor prevalencia en las personas adultas , y mayor predilección por la gente de edad avanzada con mala higiene oral, y con pérdidas de piezas dentarias, siendo el principal factor para desarrollar eventos cardíacos, su relación con la enfermedad cardiovascular se da por la aparición de una placa ateroesclerótica en el interior de las arterias, formada por las bacterias existentes en la cavidad oral y que se diseminan por los vasos sanguíneos a través de una lesión o úlcera, impidiendo el paso de los elementos formes de la sangre hacia el resto de los órganos, provocando un mal funcionamiento en estos sobre todo en el corazón, desarrollando enfermedades cardiacas como infarto al miocardio , hipertensión arterial, infarto cerebral e ictus, algunos estudios han encontrado a los mismos agentes patógenos de la cavidad oral como en la placa ateroesclerótica, evidenciando así su relación, también existe una teoría que indica que la enfermedad cardiovascular se relaciona a la enfermedad periodontal porque ambas presentan los mismo mediadores químicos en el proceso inflamatorio, se habla además de un mimetismo molecular en determinadas hormonas, generando también la teoría de la inmunidad, todo esto bajo un tratamiento periodontal correcto, a base de raspajes, alisados radiculares, profilaxis con ultrasonido (desinfección total de la boca) , terapias de mantenimiento con clorhexidina , sumado a una buena higiene oral en adelante, previene a futuro el desarrollo de la enfermedad periodontal, por ende las enfermedades cardiovasculares, mejorando la calidad la vida de las personas y manteniendo una buena salud bucal.
Periodontal disease is considered chronic, it is characterized by progressive progress as time goes on, today it is known that it can appear from youth, having greater prevalence in adults, and greater Predilection for elderly people with poor oral hygiene, and with loss of dental pieces, being the main factor in developing cardiac events, their relationship with cardiovascular disease is given by the appearance of a plaque atherosclerotic in the Interior of the arteries, formed by the bacteria existing in the oral cavity and disseminated by the blood vessels through an injury or ulcer, preventing the passage of the formed elements of the blood to the rest of the organs, causing a bad Functioning in these especially in the heart, developing cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke and stroke, some studies have found the same pathogens of the oral cavity as in the plaque Atherosclerotic, thus evidencing its relationship, there is also a theory that indicates that cardiovascular disease is related to periodontal disease because both present the same chemical mediators in the inflammatory process, one speaks besides a Molecular mimicry in certain hormones, also generating the theory of immunity, all this under a correct periodontal treatment, based on raspajes, Root smoothing, prophylaxis with ultrasound (total disinfection of the mouth), therapies of Maintenance with chlorhexidine, in addition to good oral hygiene from now on, prevents the future development of periodontal disease, therefore cardiovascular diseases, improving the quality of people's lives and maintaining good oral health.
Periodontal disease is considered chronic, it is characterized by progressive progress as time goes on, today it is known that it can appear from youth, having greater prevalence in adults, and greater Predilection for elderly people with poor oral hygiene, and with loss of dental pieces, being the main factor in developing cardiac events, their relationship with cardiovascular disease is given by the appearance of a plaque atherosclerotic in the Interior of the arteries, formed by the bacteria existing in the oral cavity and disseminated by the blood vessels through an injury or ulcer, preventing the passage of the formed elements of the blood to the rest of the organs, causing a bad Functioning in these especially in the heart, developing cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, stroke and stroke, some studies have found the same pathogens of the oral cavity as in the plaque Atherosclerotic, thus evidencing its relationship, there is also a theory that indicates that cardiovascular disease is related to periodontal disease because both present the same chemical mediators in the inflammatory process, one speaks besides a Molecular mimicry in certain hormones, also generating the theory of immunity, all this under a correct periodontal treatment, based on raspajes, Root smoothing, prophylaxis with ultrasound (total disinfection of the mouth), therapies of Maintenance with chlorhexidine, in addition to good oral hygiene from now on, prevents the future development of periodontal disease, therefore cardiovascular diseases, improving the quality of people's lives and maintaining good oral health.
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Keywords
Enfermedad periodontal, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Prevención, Tratamiento periodontal, Ateroesclerosis, Periodontal disease, Cardiovascular disease, Prevention, Periodontal treatment, Atherosclerosis